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Ingrijirea pacientului cu infarctul miocardic acut (IMA)

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INGRIJIREA PACIENTULUI CU IMA

IMA = necroza miocardica mai mult sau mai putin extinsa determinata de o obstructie coronariana prin tromboza.

CIRCUMSTANTE DE APARITIE:

  • dupa mese copioase
  • efort fizic intens
  • expunere la frig

FACTORI PREDISPOZANTI:

  • ateroscleroza
  • stenoza congenitala coronariana
  • leziuni valvulare

FACTORI DE VASE:



  • hiperlipemii
  • hipercolesterolemii
  • alcool
  • tutun
  • obezitate
  • stres
  • sedentarism
  • Dz
  • HTA

MANIFESTARI DE DEPENDENTA:

  • durere anginoasa intensa 9atroce, violenta, insuportabila, socogena, nu cedeaza la nitroglicerina sau repaus, durata peste 30 min)
  • durerea poate fi tipica (localizata retrosternal) cu sau fara iradieri, se instaleaza brusc sau poate fi atipica (localizata epigastric)
  • dispnee
  • anxietate
  • transpiratii reci
  • sughit
  • greturi, varstaturi
  • ameteli
  • HTA

PROBLEME:

  • -disconfort – durere
  • -anxietate – senzatia mortii
  • -scaderea debitului cardiac – obstructie coronariana
  • -reducerea perfuziei tisulare – prezenta zonei de necroza
  • -deficit de autoingrijire – instalata la efort
  • -potential de alterare a nutritiei
  • -potential de complicatii

OBIECTIVE:

  • -combaterea durerii
  • -combaterea anxietatii
  • -prevenirea complicatiilor
  • -limitarea extinderii necrozei
  • -recuperare socioprofesionala

INTERVENTII

  • etapa prespitaliceasca :
  • combaterea durerii
  • sedare
  • prevenirea aritmiilor ventriculare
  • tratarea complicatiilor
  • transport la spital
  • repaus la pat
  • in spital:
  • continuarea masurilor de prinajutor
  • oxigenoterapie
  • montarea unei perfuzii
  • monitorizarea FV
  • indepartarea factorilor care prot produce IMA
  • ajutarea pac in staisfacerea nevoilor
  • educarea pacientului privind regimul de viata
  • reluarea progresiva si treptata a efortului fizic
  • control mediacl periodic

 

Remedii care te pot ajuta:

  1. Ingrijirea  pacientului  cu  infarct  miocardic
  2. Ingrijirea pacientului cu afectiuni ale venelor
  3. Ingrijirea pacientului cu afectiuni ale arterelor periferice
  4. Ingrijirea pacientului cu reumatism articular acut
  5. Ingrijirea pacientului cu bronsiectazie
  6. Ingrijirea pacientului cu hipertensiune arteriala
  7. Ingrijirea pacientului cu endocardita infectioasa

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