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Ingrijire pacient cu Edem Pulmonar

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EDEMUL PULMONAR ACUT

 Survine prin inundarea brutala a alveolelor de catre un exsudat sanguinolent necoagulabil din capilarele pulmonare, inundatie provocata de cresterea presiunii sangelui cu capilarele venoase pulmonare, de cresterea permeabilitatii membranei alveolo capilare si alte cauze.

Exista 2 forme de EPA: – hemodinamic (cardiogen)

                                            -lezional (necardiogen)

CIRCUMSTANTE DE APARITIE: 

 (EPA HEMODINAMIC – CARDIOGEN)

  • insuficienta ventriculara stanga
  • IMA
  • cardiopatie ischemica
  • cardiopatii valvulare
  • tulburari de ritm paroxistice


(EPA LEZIONAL – NECARDIOGEN)

  • cauze toxice (gaz sufocant, clor, benzen, CO2)
  • cauze infectioase (pulmonare, gripa, bronsita capilara)
  • cauze neurologice (leziuni ale SNC, AVC, abces, tumori cerebrale)
  • cauze iatrogene (hipervolemie a sist vascular prin perfuzie, transfuzie)
  • edem pulmonar la inecati
  • edem pulmonar cronic

Alterarea permeabilitatii capilare este mecanismul fundamental  al EPA. Acest mecanism este prezent  in ambele tipuri de EPA.

MANIFESTARI DE DEPENDENTA:

  • cel mai adesea se instaleaza in timpul noptii
  • dispnee severa brusca
  • tahipnee
  • tahicardie
  • respiratie zgomotoasa
  • sete de aer
  • ortopnee
  • anxietate
  • tuse uscata la inceput apoi sputa rozata, spumasa, aerata
  • transpiratii
  • cianoza
  • raluri subcrepitante

OBIECTIVE:

  • alterarea respiratiei
  • eliberarea cailor respiratorii superioare
  • combaterea anxietatii

INTERVENTII:

  • se iau masuri de urgenta care trebuie aplicate la domiciliul pac, pe tot parcursul transportului pana la spital
  • asezarea pac in poz sezand pe scaun, cu gambele atarnand la marginea patului. De altfel pac isi adopta singur aceasta pozitie
  • se aspira expectoratia si se curata gura pac de secretii.
  • aplicarea garourilor la radacina a 3 membre fara comprimarea arterelor. Din 10 in 10 min se  aplica unul din garouri  la al 4lea membru. Scoaterea garoului se face progresiv. Aceste masuri ajuta la decongestionarea plamanilor.
  • este un tratament comun ambelor forme de EPA.
  • oxigem pe sonda nasofaringiana
  • aerosoli cu alcool etilic si bronhodilatatoare
  • administrarea tratamentului:
  • morfina 0.01 – 0.02 mg im sai iv. Nu se administreaza in caz de astm, AVC, BPOC
  • digitalice 1 fiola de 0.4 mg
  • diuretice – furosemid 27 (1 fiola =20ml) iv lent 1-2 min
  • venesectii – eliminare de sange rapid 300-400 ml in 5 min.
  • ventilatie mecanica prin IOT
  • nitroglicerina sublingual in special la coronarieni.

Remedii care te pot ajuta:

  1. Prospect Trifas – Insuficienta cardiaca Edem
  2. Enfizemul pulmonar – Tratament Naturist
  3. Tratament naturist abces pulmonar
  4. Cancerul bronho-pulmonar Factori declansatori si Tratament
  5. Prospect Salbutamol Sirop – Astm bronsic Bronsita cronica Emfizem pulmonar Tuse
  6. Edemul Pulmonar – tratament naturist
  7. Abces Pulmonar – Tratament Naturist

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