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Medicamente Antivomitive

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Antivomitivele

Sunt medicamente capabile sa inlature senzatia de greata si voma. Acestea actioneaza in special la nivelul centrilor nervosi implicatii in actul vomei (centrul vomei, zona chemoreceptoare declansatoare din bulb, nucleii vestibulari), interferand cu actiunea unor mediatori chimici (dopamina, serotonina, histamina, acetilcolina).

Clase de medicamente :

1. Neuroleptice

  •  in special fenotiazinele :
    – Clorpromazina (Clordelazin, Plegomazin)
    – Proclorperazina (Emetiral).
    – Tietilperazina (Torecan).
    Acestea actioneaza predominant la nivelul zonei chemoreceptoare declansatoare din bulb (prin antagonizarea dopaminei).

Reactii adverse : somnolenta, hipotensiune ortostatica.
Contraindicatii : bolile hepatice, insuficienta renala, varsta inaintata, asocierea cu anestezice generale sau morfina, impun prudenta.

2. Metoclopramida (Primeran, Reglan)

 Cum actioneaza Metaclopramid?

  • deprima zona chemoreceptoare declansatoare (prin antagonizarea dopaminei).
  • De asemenea, stimuleaza peristaltismul gastric si relaxeaza sfincterul piloric 
  • este util in diskinezii digestive si pentru unele procedee diagnostice ( endoscopie, examen radiologic).

3. Odansetron (Zofran)

    Ce este Odansetronul?



  • este anatgonist al serotoninei , care este eliberata sub actiunea citostaticelor.
  • este eficace in varsaturile severe provocate de citostatice.

4. Scopolamina

       Cum actioneaza Scopolamina?

  •  este anticolinergic si sedativ psihomotor.
  • Este indicat in raul de miscare, prin inhibarea unor receptori colinergici la nivelul nucleilor vestibulari.

5. Antihistaminice

 Sunt indicate in raul de miscare, varsaturile din sarcina, varsaturile medicamentoase, si anume:

  •  Prometazina (Romergan),
  • Difenhidramina,
  • Clorfeniramina, deprima centrul vomei si nucleii vestibulari. 

Vezi si postarea Cum dam ajutor in caz de greata si varsaturi? 

Remedii care te pot ajuta:

  1. Medicamente Antidiareice
  2. Medicamente de Stimulare a secretiei digestive
  3. Cum afecteaza canicula tratamentele cu medicamente
  4. Clasificare ATC medicamente compensate si necompensate
  5. Medicamente Laxative si Purgative
  6. Administrare medicamente prin abordare intraosoasa
  7. Medicamente Psihostimulante

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